Code of Practice and Precautions for Extrusion of Aluminum Profiles

I. Definition of Industrial Aluminum
1) industrial aluminum alloy profile is an alloy material with aluminum as the main component. Aluminum rods are hot melted and extruded to obtain aluminum materials with different cross-sectional shapes. However, the mechanical properties and application fields of the produced industrial aluminum profiles are also different due to different proportions of added alloys.
2) the implementation standard is GB/T5237.1-2004.
3) Generally speaking, industrial aluminum profiles refer to all aluminum profiles except for architectural doors and windows, curtain walls, indoor and outdoor decoration and architectural structures.

Second,extrusionindustrial aluminum pay attention to operating rules and matters needing attention
The important problem of extrusion is the control of metal temperature. From the start of ingot heating to the quenching of extrusion profile, the soluble phase should not separate out from solid solution or show dispersion and precipitation of small particles. The heating temperature of 6063 alloy ingot is generally set within the temperature range of Mg2Si precipitation, and the heating time has an important influence on Mg2Si precipitation. Rapid heating can greatly reduce the time of possible precipitation. Generally speaking, the heating temperature for 6063 alloy ingot can be set to 460-520℃ for non-uniform ingot. Homogenized ingot: 430-480℃.
The extrusion temperature is adjusted according to different products and unit pressure during operation.
(a) first from the process analysis:
1. Before opening the aluminum extruder, ensure that there are no sundries and oil stains around the equipment and on the machine.
2. Prepare raw materials according to production requirements and pour them into material tanks according to proportioning requirements.
3. Check the power supply and confirm that each control cabinet works normally.

(2) Main engine of industrial aluminum extrusion press:
1. The transmission andextrusion systemis completed by controlling the frequency conversion motor by the main frequency converter and transmitting it to the screw through the gearbox distribution box and cross spline step by step. The program and parameter values input in the frequency converter have been set when the equipment leaves the factory and cannot be changed at will.
2. The heating and cooling system is composed of barrel heating and cooling, die head heating and screw core heating and cooling. It is controlled by the electric cavity program. The B&R temperature module is equipped with PID temperature control software to replace the traditional temperature control meter. The system can automatically optimize and calculate PID parameters in the heating process, and automatically assign values after calculation is completed. It can also manually assign values to PID parameters according to its own experience. The temperature is controlled to.
Its working principle is to give a temperature value such as 180℃ in each heating section, and the data measured by thermocouples. As the temperature increases gradually during heating, the heating frequency decreases gradually and the heating time also decreases gradually. When ≥180℃, the area starts to cool and the fan starts to work. (cooling is divided into air cooling and oil cooling) when the temperature is less than or equal to 180℃, heating starts again and again, and then equilibrium is reached. The same is true for core temperature cooling, except that its set temperature is lower at about 80℃ and heat is transferred through heat-conducting medium. When the core temperature heating pipe is heated at a temperature ≤80℃, the oil pump circulates to provide heat to the screw. When the water supply solenoid valve of the cooler at a temperature ≥80℃ is opened, the oil is circulated through the oil pump to take away the excess heat in the screw after being cooled by the cooler. On the basis of automatic control, zone 2, zone 3 and zone 4 of barrel and core temperature are additionally provided with a manual forced cooling function to control instantaneous temperature increase.
3. The automatic feeding system is controlled by a time relay or a level gauge to transmit signals. When there is a shortage of material, the level gauge transmits signals and the system starts feeding. When the material is full, the level gauge signal is interrupted and the feeding stops.
4. The feeding system is also realized by the cycloid pin wheel reducer controlled by the frequency converter. The ratio is adjusted according to the rotating speed of the main screw. The main current and torque are directly affected by the amount of feeding, with less feeding and lower main current and torque. Otherwise, it will rise. When the feed is too much, the actual current exceeds its rated current or the torque exceeds its set value, the host machine will be overloaded and stopped, generally controlled at 50%~80% of the rated value.
5. The vacuum exhaust system is completed by directly using buttons to control the vacuum pump. When the vacuum is on, the solenoid valve is opened, and when it is closed, the solenoid valve is closed.
For industrial aluminum extrusion press products, they all have their own design parameters, such as extrusion weight, extrusion volume, extrusion metal, etc. Do not work beyond the product design parameters during extrusion operation.
Attention should be paid to the difference between single-screw and twin-screw industrial aluminum extruders for the transmission of the industrial aluminum extruders themselves. Do not use them indiscriminately, otherwise it is easy to cause irreversible faults to the products of the industrial aluminum extruders.

(3) Operating Rules for Industrial Aluminum Extruders:
1. Check whether the oil pressure system leaks oil and whether the air pressure is normal.
2. Check the conveyor belt, cooling bed and material storage table for damages and scratches.
3. Before stretching, the length of the aluminum profile shall be confirmed, and then the stretching rate shall be predetermined to determine the stretching length, i.e. the moving position of the main chuck. Usually, the stretching rate of 6063T5 is 0.5%-1%, and the stretching rate of 6061T6 is 0.8%-1.5%.
4, according to the shape of the aluminum profile to confirm the clamping method, large section hollow profile, can be inserted into the tensile block, but to ensure enough clamping area as far as possible.
5. When the aluminum profile is cooled to below 50℃, stretch the profile.
6, when the profile bending and twisting at the same time, should first correct twisting after bending.
7. Test pull one or two of them to confirm whether the predetermined stretching rate and clamping method are appropriate. Visually bend, twist and check the plane clearance, flaring and parallel opening of the profile. If it is not suitable, adjust the stretch ratio appropriately.
8, the normal tensile rate still cannot eliminate bending, twisting, or cannot make the geometry size qualified, should inform the operator to stopextrusion.
9. Profiles on the cooling table cannot rub, collide, overlap and pile up with each other to prevent flowers from rubbing.
The working efficiency and service life of industrial aluminum extruders have a great relationship with the installation sequence of industrial aluminum extruders. The equipment foundation of general industrial aluminum extruders should not only bear the weight of the equipment itself and the weight of raw materials for production, but also bear the dynamic load of the industrial extruders during work. Therefore, the equipment installation must be carried out according to the corresponding installation procedures.